Archive for year: 2022

Soil is something that is very important for human life. Matters related to land require legal certainty for holders of land rights through a land registration activity. However, there are still problems in the land sector, namely the occurrence of land grabbing, so that the government makes legal rules which include criminal sanctions, such as land grabbing. in the Criminal Code is still too narrow, especially usurpation. Based on the legal issues, it is narrowed down in the formulation of the problem, namely: What are the forms of criminal acts in the land sector? How is the formulation of criminal law in dealing with crimes in the land sector? The term occupying is considered more appropriate, because the land is large and not just a yard as in Article 167 of the Criminal Code concerning land grabbing. Articles 263, 264, 266, of the Criminal Code are falsification of land rights documents, Article 385 of the Criminal Code contains elements of embezzlement of rights to immovable objects. The formulation is able to provide legal protection for individual land rights, legal entities, as well as for customary land or customary rights as long as the law or the community still adheres to the customary law applicable in their environment. Of course, this is driven by the mandate contained in Article 18 letter B of the 1945 Constitution. The objectives to be achieved are to describe the forms of actions that constitute criminal acts in the land sector and to find formulations of criminal law in dealing with crimes in the land sector.

The problem of land in human life is very important, because most of human life is very dependent on the land. Therefore, buying and selling is not only the transfer of ownership rights to land to other parties, but also the transfer of land rights, where the buyer controls, manages and uses the object according to his interests and needs. A legal act of transferring rights must fulfill the principle of light and cash. The author presents an example of a sale and purchase agreement made in good faith, but the seller does something illegal and the buyer in good faith is not protected. There is an interesting legal issue for the author to examine in more depth about the land sale and purchase agreement as the legal fact that the buyer has good intentions but an unlawful act is committed by the seller, so that the object of the sale and purchase must ultimately be executed because the debtor defaults. The type of research is normative juridical. The conclusion from the legal position of the buyer who has good intentions, even though the evidence is in the form of an underhand sale and purchase agreement, must still get legal protection. Due to the legal action between the seller and the bank without the power and approval of the buyer, the agreement between the seller/debtor and the creditor can be qualified as “null and void” based on the good faith of the buyer in taking legal action with the seller or it can be qualified that the sale of the auction object is considered never to have occurred, as stipulated in Article 20 UUHT. And that the current regulations do not provide legal protection for buyers with good intentions. Because the rights of the buyer who have fulfilled the elements as stated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code are still being ruled out, it is proven by the auction of the object of sale and purchase that has been carried out by the seller with legal actions with other parties carried out unilaterally. So that in the future there is a need for regulations that provide more legal protection for buyers with good intentions.

The quality of export products directly affects the use value and price of commodities, and it is an important factor that determines the use efficiency of commodities and affects the market price of commodities. In the form of unprecedented fierce competition in the current international market, many countries and regions have taken improving the quality of commodities and striving to win by quality as an important part of non-price competition, which is one of the important means to strengthen foreign competition. Different business environments in different regions will lead to problems in the quality of export products. Based on this, by reviewing relevant literature, this paper focuses on analyzing the impact of regional business environment, environmental regulation, trade liberalization and emerging technologies such as digitalization on the quality of export products, and explains the impact mechanism of different business environments on the quality of export products. Finally, based on the conclusions obtained, this paper discusses how the government should create a business environment to improve the quality of export products.

This research is intended to develop the intervention of mathematics assessment and learning in junior high school integrated 21st Century competence-computational thinking skills. The research method is Design-based Research at the partly detailed and completed intervention stage. Twofold yield of the intervention of the research design are prototypical intervention (instructional materials) and its accompanying design principles (design model of assessment and learning). The instructional materials that have been developed are (1) blueprints for assessment and learning, (2) lesson plans containing outline topics, student worksheets, project tasks and homework, and (3) LMS e-Learning. The design principle that accompanies the intervention is a design model for mathematics learning and assessment integrated computational thinking skills. The results of the formative evaluation at the partly detailed and completed intervention stage showed that the development of intervention met the quality criteria of being practical and effective.

This article examines the perspective of teacher educators and teacher trainees in an academic teacher education program regarding the application of social constructivist approach in cultivating ICT integration in teacher training, in order to have teachers fit for the 21st Century Education. This article provides an overview of social constructivism and its implications for ICT integration in classroom practices. Objectives of the study were to establish how social processes cultivate teacher educators’ and trainees’ technology knowledge and also to establish how social processes cultivate teacher educators’ and trainees’ technology skills. Participants were teacher trainers and trainees from School of Education, Makerere University and data were collected using focus group discussions. Data were analysed qualitatively by transcription. It was found out that; social interactions indeed cultivate a number of technology knowledge, but participants exhibited low levels of judgment and negotiation, low levels of data management, problem solving and critical thinking skills. It was concluded that; content analysis through team work is a basic technique for developing teacher educators’ and trainees’ technology knowledge and also, the digital skills require continuous active practice and they cannot be attained in isolation of technology knowledge.