The Causes and Effects of Divorce on Child Upbringing among Muslim Family in Yobe North Senatorial Zone, Yobe State, Nigeria

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This work titled: The Causes and Effect of Divorce on Child upbringing among Muslims Family in Yobe North Senatorial Zone, Yobe State, Nigeria: is conducted with the objective of enlightening prospective couple on the needs to exercise great restrain, caution and tolerance on how this institution could be sustained and maintained for the growth and development of the Islamic Ummah; Islam, as a finally revealed guidance enjoins married couple to handle the trust bestowed on them by Allah (SWT) so that the children they got through that children begotten could become an apple of their eyes in this life and hereafter if they are properly nurture for by both the father and the mother in  discharge their responsibility accordingly.  But in a situation where such solitary union become broken, the consequences of such dissolution of marriage do affect the couple and the children’s upbringing as well.  This research work, therefore intends to study the causes and effects of Divorce on child’s upbringing in a predominantly Muslim Community in Yobe State.  it will further assess the effects of Divorces on both parties and how such dissolution do affect the child upbringing in Muslim Community.

Code-Switching in Relation to Other Language-Contact Phenomena: A Theoretical Account

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Research on code-switching (CS) has witnessed a major terminological issue, especially with regard to its relation to other concepts of language contact phenomena. CS, as a research area, is troubled with the question of terminological confusion. Sometimes, researchers use different labels to indicate the same notion; in others, they use the same term to refer to distinct notions. Hence, there is no definite consensus on the territory covered by the terms related to the CS phenomenon such as CM, borrowing, transfer and so on. This article attempts to explore and clarify these terms and examine their similarity or distinction to CS. The latter is reviewed in comparison to four close and interrelated linguistic phenomena, namely code-mixing, diglossia, borrowing, and interference. This review is based on reviewing the literature and reflecting on it.

State Intervention in the Establishment of the House of Worship to Realize Religious Harmony

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Indonesia, with a plural society, is interested in guaranteeing every religious adherent’s independence. Therefore, various regulations are enacted to reduce conflicts that often occur, including matters relating to establishing places of Worship. This caused multiple responses from the community. At the same time, it is essential to take a closer look at how places of Worship are established. This research takes the form of literature, and concerning the data, the author divides it into 2 (two), namely primary and secondary. The analytical framework that will be optimized is Thomas R. Dye’s public policy. This study found that the intervention of the Indonesian State in the establishment of houses of Worship through a joint regulation made by two ministries, namely the Minister of Home Affairs and the Minister of Religion, regarding the establishment of places of worship Number 1 of 1969 and Numbers 8 and 9 of 2006 is essential. However, the government must disseminate the regulations for licensing the construction of houses of Worship to all religious communities in Indonesia and be firm in implementing these laws and regulations to minimize conflicts caused by religion.

E-Business Ethics Learning Effectiveness to Build Ethical Awareness, Moral Courage, and Ethical Decisions

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Purpose: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of E-Business Ethics Learning which is being built in forming ethical awareness, moral courage, and ethical decisions by comparing ethical awareness, ethical courage, and ethical decisions of students in business and professional ethics courses using E-Business Ethics Learning. with students who only read the text with the same case.

Patients and methods: The design of this research is quantitative research with an experimental method. The data collection technique was carried out using an online survey using the google form application. Samples were taken from students who were taking courses in business and professional ethics. The data analysis technique was carried out by conducting different tests on the average scores of ethical awareness, ethical courage, and ethical decision-making between students who used E-Business Ethics Learning and those who did not.

Results: The results showed that there were differences in ethical awareness and ethical decision-making between students who used E-Business Ethics learning and those who did not use E-Business Ethics Learning. This study found no evidence of a difference in moral courage between the two groups. This study also gave unexpected results that the mean rank of ethical awareness and ethical decision-making in the group of students who read the text was higher than the mean rank of the group of students who used E-Business Ethics Learning.

Conclusion: The results showed that there was no difference in ethical awareness, moral courage, and ethical decisions between students who used E-Business Ethics learning and those who did not use E-Business Ethics Learning.

Strategies for Successful Change Implementation: Insights from Senior Business Leaders

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Approximately 75% of organizations’ change initiatives fail to attain the expected results, affecting business growth and survival. Grounded in Lewin’s three-step Model of Change, this qualitative multiple-case study explored strategies senior business leaders used to implement positive change. The participants were five senior business leaders who successfully experienced positive change management in their organizations. Data were collected from face-to-face semistructured interviews and various organizational documents and analyzed using Yin’s five-phase analysis technique. The three business strategies for successful change implementation that emerged from data analysis were improving leadership support, implementing clear communication, and sustaining an influential organizational culture. A key recommendation was that open and effective communication allowed employees to understand the benefits of change and helped them embrace it. The implications for a positive social change included the potential for continued business growth and increased employment opportunities in the local communities.

Communication Strategy for Islamic Boarding School Leaders in Improving the Quality of Education

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This study aims to describe in depth related to: (1) How is the interpersonal communication of the leaders of the Tarbiyatul Qur’an and Baitul Qur’an Islamic Boarding Schools in improving the quality of education? (2) How is the intrapersonal communication of the leaders of the Tarbiyatul Qur’an and Baitul Qur’an Islamic Boarding Schools in improving the quality of education? (3) How is the communication between the leadership of the Tarbiyatul Qur’an and Baitul Qur’an Islamic Boarding Schools in improving the quality of education? This study uses qualitative research methods and multi-site study types. Data collection techniques using in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The data obtained were analyzed using techniques of reading all data, coding, interconnecting themes or descriptions, and interpreting the meaning of themes or descriptions. While the method of checking the validity of the data uses credibility, dependability, transparability, and confirmability techniques. The results of this study indicate that leadership communication at the Tarbiyatul Quran Islamic Boarding School is broader and more detailed than communication at the Baitul Quran Islamic Boarding School, the scope of interpersonal, intrapersonal, and audience communication at the Tarbiyatul Quran Islamic Boarding School is wider than at the Baitul Quran Islamic Boarding School. As for interpersonal communication of Islamic boarding school leaders in improving the quality of education, namely by discussing/deliberating with all elements of the Islamic boarding school, giving orders, giving instructions/directions, communicating via letters, chat/telephone via electronic media, for intrapersonal communication, namely by conveying ideas to be applied to students, sparking innovative ideas to be implemented in Islamic boarding schools, and public communication, for example by creating websites, improving the quality of ustadz/ustadzah, and holding Al-Qur’an seminars assemblies.

Forecasting the Tourism Demand of Türkiye Using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Approach

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Modelling and forecasting the tourism demand is an important research area for both public and private sectors for planning the travel and accommodation facilities in advance. Therefore, modelling the tourism demand in terms of the number of tourists is an active research area for both tourism, economics and financial studies. In this work, the tourism demand of Türkiye is modelled using artificial neural network methods. The tourism demand represented by the number of tourists is taken as the dependent variable while the past values of the number of tourists is considered as the inputs. Furthermore, the tourism revenue is also modelled employing the same autoregressive artificial neural network approach. Monthly data in the period of 2008-2022 which are taken from the official sources are used as the research material. The multilayer perceptron type artificial neural networks with nonlinear neural activation functions is selected for the accurate modelling of the highly seasonal tourism demand data. The modelling and forecasting results show that the developed artificial neural network reaches high accuracy for modelling both the tourism demand and the tourism revenue such that the coefficient of determination of the developed artificial neural network models have the values of R2=0.949 and R2=0.840 for the tourism demand and tourism revenue, respectively, providing an objective assessment of the accuracy of the developed models. It is concluded that the multilayer perceptron based artificial neural network methods can be used to model the tourism demand therefore this type of modelling is expected to be helpful for tourism planners by providing them the tourism demand forecast in advance.

Perspectives of School Managers and Teachers on the Implementation of the Eight-Hour Policy in Selected Schools of Ndola, Zambia

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The standard working hours for civil service workers as stipulated by the International Labor Organization (ILO) in most countries is 8 hours. The eight hour work day policy has been enacted in the Labour Laws of Zambia as a guide for employers and employees. Recently, teachers were also mandated to follow this policy as they are part of the public service. However, this policy has been criticized by some teacher unions and the teachers themselves. The Zambia National Union of Teachers (ZNUT) called on the government to implement the eight hour policy for teachers to promote effective teaching. On the other hand, the National Union of Public and Private Educators (NUPPEZ) executive president said that the eight hour policy in its current form was  retrogressive to teachers. He further urged the Ministry of General Education to seriously engage the teacher unions to help look into the effective handling of the policy by both administrators and teachers alike. Therefore, this clearly shows that the eight hour policy has been received with mixed feelings by the teaching fraternity.

A sample of 40 participants drawn from three public primary schools and three public secondary schools was purposively selected and interviewed. The sample comprised teachers and head teachers. The study was mainly qualitative in nature and used a descriptive design. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data. The study revealed that of the six schools that were sampled, only two schools strongly supported the introduction of the eight-hour policy. Two schools were against the policy while the other two schools expressed mixed feelings. Generally, a large number of teachers felt that the policy was inimical to the interests of teachers. The study recommended inter alia that the Ministry of Education should improve infrastructure in schools such as staffrooms where teachers can prepare their work and relax in a conducive environment for eight hours.

Impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on Vietnamese Legislation on Female Employment Law: The Issues Raised in Improving the Law Governing the Employment of Female Workers

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The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) influences all aspects of global life, including the employment of female workers. The problem of creating jobs for female workers is becoming increasingly difficult due to the fiercer competition on the job market as a result of the influx of foreign workers into the national market, the increased demand for skilled labor, and the substitution of artificial intelligence (AI) and robots for low-skilled jobs. The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has a significant impact on the job market of female workers due to its technological characteristics, such as the unemployment of female workers in a number of new occupations and their lack of adequate skills. In order to ensure sustainable employment for female workers, the completion of the law on the employment of female workers is a necessary and objective concern for every nation, including Vietnam calling for special consideration. Consequently, the paper focuses on elucidating the current state of Vietnam’s law on female employment as well as the effects of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on the improvement of Vietnamese legislation on female employment. The author proposes some improvements to the law governing the employment of female workers in the near future.

Some Difficulties In Writting Skills of English Majored Freshmen at Tay Do University, Vietnam

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There is no denying that English is playing an important role in most regions of the world and is playing a leading role in the education and future careers of students. Moreover, writing skills are one of the indispensable skills in the developing society in general and in the integration process of Vietnam in particular. However, in the learning process, English learners, in general, the English major students of Tay Do University in particular face many obstacles in mastering writing skills. Therefore, the study “Some difficulties in writing skills of English majored freshmen at Tay Do University” is conducted to identify the challenges facing freshman students. The survey participants are 45 students randomly selected from class A, B, and C majoring in English Language Course 15. The survey tool used to collect the data is the questionnaire. The study will identify the challenges in writing faced by English majored freshmen at Tay Do University such as vocabulary, grammar, and background knowledge.