Examining Syntactic Errors in Essay Writing Among EFL Students: A Case Study of ESEF Ibn Tofail University

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This article presents a thorough examination of error patterns within essays written by students enrolled at Ibn Tofail University, focusing on four major types of errors: Omission Addition, Mis-ordering, and Mis-formation. Utilizing data collected through essays and coded through content analysis. The data collected were analysed through SPSS, descriptive analysis, the study investigates the prevalence, distribution, and characteristics of these errors across a diverse range of essays. Through frequency distributions and skewness analysis, significant perspectives into error distributions and patterns emerged, revealing varying degrees of writing proficiency among the sample. The findings showed that the most frequent syntactic errors in students’ writings are addition errors and the most infrequent ones are mis-ordering. Professors may need to focus more attention on addressing and correcting addition errors, as they appear to be more prevalent and may have a greater impact on the overall clarity and coherence of students’ writing. Meanwhile, less emphasis may be needed on Mis-ordering errors, although they should still be addressed to ensure students develop strong syntactic skills and produce well-structured compositions.

Framework for Understanding Factors Influencing Clothing Selection

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Clothing selection is a product of social construction that defines what people choose to wear. The choice of what, how, and when to select what individuals, wear is based on the perception that surrounds their reality. For the purpose of this research work, factors influencing clothing selection have been organized into a framework to facilitate easier understanding. The factors influencing clothing selection have been arranged into a logical system of concepts grouped into four categories: Social/Psychological, Economic, Environmental, and Physiological Factors. A detailed deconstruction of each of these factors has been further conceptualized into smaller concepts and discussed in a nuanced context. Under the Social/Psychological factors are concepts such as culture, gender, occupation, personality, religion, socio-status, and fashion. Economic factors evaluated are concepts such as the Economic well-being of a Nation (GDP), the Economic status of individuals, Economic environment (availability of technology and raw materials and buying behavior). Environmental factors such as Location (Urban/Rural), Climatic conditions, protection from extreme weather conditions, and unconventional places like deep seas, and space were examined. Lastly, the physiological factors such as age, health condition, and figure were also evaluated. Developing a conceptual framework for understanding clothing selection is apt in filling the gap in Literature since most research works on factors influencing clothing selection may not have been organized into a framework for clothing selection, whether intrinsically or extrinsically motivated.

The Dignity of Peace and the Peace of Dignity

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Peace and dignity are two closely related concepts. Dignity is a fundamental human right, and peace is essential for realizing human dignity. Both concepts are deeply intertwined and interdependent. The dignity of peace and the peace of dignity are two sides of the same coin. The quest for dignity is collective and formidable. It is a galvanizing force behind all human interaction between families, communities, the business world, and relationships at the local and international levels. When dignity is violated, the response will likely involve violence, vengeance, hatred, and aggression. But when people treat one another with dignity, they become more connected and can create more meaningful relationships. Most people do not understand the concept of dignity and why its violation can harm societies’ peaceful co-existence and economic development. By respecting and embracing the dignity of persons as a way of life, we open the way to greater peace within ourselves and a safer and more humane world for all. This essay will explore the concept of the dignity of peace and the peace of dignity, the importance of each concept, their interrelation, and how they are promoted and protected in different contexts.

German and Italian Fascisms: An Impediment to Theorizing Fascism?

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Fascism as a concept enjoys a plethora of definitions, usages and variants which lead to the problems of social science to have a generic theory of fascism. This paper aims to explore the differences between the two fascist variants of the interwar period in Europe, Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany to reflect on the question of whether exploration of these differences may contribute to social science’s quest to theorize fascism. Though the two fascist regimes differ widely in terms of totalitarianism, ideology, nation and race, state and party relationships, the extent of resistance and the existence of multiple power centers, and finally, the use of total terror; exploration of different fascisms, rather than negating the possibility of having a generic definition of fascism, allows us to explore some of the central characteristics of fascism: its flexibility and resilience.

The Effect of the TSTS Learning Model on Student’s Achievement

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This study aims to determine the effect of Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) type cooperative learning model on student’s achievement of SDK Golo Mongkok students. The type of research used in this study is a quasi experiment. The data collection technique used in this research is test technique. The instrument used was a test question. Data analysis used is a prerequisite test which includes normality test and homogeneity test, as well as t-test. The results of this study indicate that by applying the TSTS learning model gives a positive influence on social studies on student’s achievement. This is inseparable from learning activities that involve all students in the group. The success is characterised by the ability of students to answer questions from the discussion results and the final test.

Implementation of the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 29 of 2018 Concerning Industrial Empowerment (Case Study in the National Shipbuilding Industry in East Java)

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Indonesia is a maritime and archipelagic country that requires a fleet of ships to support the logistics supply chain throughout Indonesia. The need for the independence of the National Shipping Industry, namely Shipyards, must be developed and maximised so that it can support the reliability of the national shipping fleet. For this reason, Government policies must support the existence and development of the Shipping Industry. PT Adiluhung Saranasegara Indonesia is one of the national shipping industries in East Java which has partnerships with several SMEs (small and medium industries) in the production and operational processes. Researchers conducted research on the Implementation of Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 29 of 2018 concerning Industrial Empowerment, especially in the Shipping Industry in the Scope of Institutional Strengthening and Empowerment of SMEs. This type of research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach which is analysed based on Van Meter and Van Horn’s theory, namely aspects of standards, goals and activities, resource policies, institutional characteristics, communication, performance, economic conditions, social, cultural, political and attitudes of implementers. As well as Milles, Hubermann and Saldana (2014) theoretical guidelines in data processing.

From the results of the research, there are inhibiting and supporting factors for the implementation of this regulation. The inhibiting factor is that there is still no standard in the implementation of this regulation and the supporting factor is that the government has maritime stakeholders to support the implementation of the regulation. And the government is still not optimal in implementing this regulation. The new thing that the author found in the research is that PT Adiluhung Saranasegara Indonesia has implemented institutional strengthening which should be the obligation of the Government. Based on SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats) and the results of the Cartesius Strategy Diagram (SO-Strengths Opportunities), the strategies that can be applied are collaboration between shipping industry stakeholders to strengthen SMI institutions, increase Domestic Content Levels (TKDN), Technical Policies to support the implementation of these regulations, and maximise Technical Implementation Units (UPT) related to the National Shipping Industry SMI.

Attitude of Bosnian and Herzegovinian Citizens towards LGBT Population

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The paper analyses the attitude of Bosnian and Herzegovinian citizens towards LGBT population. The aim of this paper is to determine how the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina perceive members of LGBT population, in order to explain the degree of understanding, acceptance, integration, as well as stigmatisation, discrimination and neglect of the members of this population. The core of the paper is the research, carried out on the sample of 314 respondents in the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research has shown that there are two groups of citizens, both in the range of 35-40% – one that does not support (somewhat or strongly) LGBT people and their struggle for free and dignified status in the society and the other group that supports (somewhat or strongly) the activities of LGBT population. Between these two groups, there is a part of citizens (15-20%) who do not have an attitude towards this issue, are not interested or ignore the presence and activity of LGBT people in their environment.

Socio-Cultural Barriers in the Development of Culinary Tourism: A Case Study in the Tourist Destination of Air Manis Beach, Padang City

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The development of culinary or local food in a tourist destination is very important because it can be a unique strategic resource that characterizes one destination and distinguishes it from other destinations, besides that it can preserve local foods in many regions. However, not all tourist destinations have developed their local food.

Purpose: To analyze the socio-cultural barriers in the development of local food as culinary tourism in tourist destinations

Patients and methods: The research was conducted using a qualitative ethnographic approach, which allows to see and explore culture, including local community initiatives, communal responsibility, participation and local wisdom in developing local food as a tourist attraction.

Results: The research findings show that there are socio-cultural barriers in the development of local food at the Air Manis Beach tourist destination such as: lack of community knowledge of culinary tourism, lack of initiative and communal responsibility, individualistic attitudes, and customary land issues. In addition, there are also psychological barriers where the community is resistant to change, especially changes in the trading business.

Conclusion: This research shows that socio-cultural and psychological barriers experienced by the community can be an obstacle to the development of culinary tourism at Air Manis Beach. The lack of socialization related to food, the lack of socialization related to the importance of developing local food as a tourist attraction, as well as socialization related to food and cooking, makes them resistant to various changes. This research at least finds the root causes of why local food development is difficult in a tourist destination at an early stage. The obstacles that occur can be a guideline for policy makers as input in making policies. Further research is needed that can accommodate a wider sample and more sources of information.

The Utilization of the Arts as a Method of Developing Love for Reading in a Library Environment

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This paper examines the contribution of using the arts as an educational method to reading groups in a library setting. The aim of the paper is to highlight the extent and the ways in which the inter-artistic dialogue strengthens the reading interest of the minor or adult participants and cultivates their aesthetic education. More specifically, the work aims to highlight: a. which theoretical principles and educational methods effectively support the utilization of other art forms in the reading approach, b. what specific techniques are involved in the inclusion of inter-artistic comparison in the reading process, c. in which phases of the reading process they can be included with a greater impact on reading motivation and d. how artistic works are selected depending on the literary texts being interpreted, the characteristics of the members of the reading community and the library environment. In order to answer the research questions, the opinions of two groups of participants are used: a. 15 Library Science student participants from the “Literature” course (spring semester 2022) and 18 participants from the “Applications of Reading Literacy” course (winter 2023) who systematically participated in the weekly meetings. The participants, having familiarized themselves with a variety of techniques for approaching literature, answered which they consider most appropriate for each phase of reading (thus also for inter-artistic dialogue). Based on their responses, it appeared that the use of arts in library reading groups is the most appropriate method for enhancing reading interest in preparing the response and one of the most effective methods for further engaging in dialogue about the projects during reading procedure. Also, the use of inter-artistic dialogue is particularly important for the development of critical appreciation of cultural works, as a means of awakening creativity and developing the aesthetic education of readers of all ages.

Mathematical Modeling of Dengue Cases in Region XI Philippines

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Dengue was recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2023 as a prominent arthropod-borne viral illness and poses a significant global health threat. This study focuses on Region XI in the Philippines, where dengue is alarmingly prevalent, and in forecasting dengue cases, it employs the ARIMA model. The study, spanning from January 2019 to August 2023, integrates univariate exploratory data analysis and statistical methods to understand the patterns and trends of dengue cases. The ARIMA model, specifically (0,0,1) with a nonzero mean, the candidate model, was identified and utilized from RStudio through coefficient tests of AIC values. The forecasting results predict a decline in dengue cases over the next 16 months. The normality test of residuals and Q-Q plot affirm the model’s reliability. A significant test using the two-sample t-test demonstrates a substantial difference between actual and forecasted values. In conclusion, this study provides crucial insights for public health planning, community intervention, and future research. The ARIMA model’s successful application emphasizes the need for refined dengue control and mitigation strategies in Region XI. The results underscore the urgency of collective efforts to minimize dengue transmission and address the challenges posed by this prevalent and impactful disease.