Motivational Factors in Learning an L2: A Study on Intrinsic/Extrinsic Motivation, Classroom Materials and Teachers’ Behaviors

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The aim of this study was to explore intrinsic and extrinsic motivations toward learning Spanish, French, and Mandarin as foreign languages. Also, this study investigates which are the main factors that influence the learners’ motivation of the L2, focusing on two specific aspects within the classroom: the materials used in this learning process and the teacher’s behaviors. A sample of 173 high school L2 students (9-12) was selected. The results showed that among the top 10 reasons that justified their L2 learning process, 6 were based on intrinsic factors and 4 on extrinsic ones. Also, these results showed that the most preferred materials by the students to learn are those related to audio-visual resources. Lastly, regarding the teachers’ motivational practices, the results showed that learners value as the most important motivational factors some teacher’s personality traits.

Rental Agreements That Do Not Meet the Elements of a Halal Cause

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The aim of the research is to evaluate the validity of rental agreements that do not meet the elements of a halal cause, to find the legal consequences for the parties of rental agreements that do not meet the elements of a halal cause, to evaluate the judge’s legal considerations regarding leases that do not meet the elements of a halal cause. .

The research method is a normative juridical research type using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach.

Based on the research results, it was concluded that the validity of the rental agreement between Plaintiff Karwanto and Defendant Endra was invalid because one of the conditions for the validity of the agreement was not fulfilled in Article 1320 paragraph (4) of the Civil Code or Civil Code. The legal consequence for the parties of a rental agreement that does not fulfill the elements of a halal cause is that the rental agreement between the Plaintiff Karwanto and the Defendant Endra does not fulfill one of the objective elements, namely a halal cause which results in cancellation, namely that the agreement itself is null and void by law. The judge’s legal considerations regarding leases that do not fulfill the elements of a halal cause are inappropriate in the Court of First Instance because the Panel of Judges does not consider the provisions of Article 1320 of the Civil Code relating to a halal cause as one of the conditions for the validity of the agreement.

Augmented Reality with STEAM through Blended Learning for Elementary School

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Purpose: Students in elementary school have difficulty to understand difficult topics because they are still in the concrete operational stage. By visualizing complex concepts as three-dimensional objects,

Augmented Reality (AR) enables interactive and real-time reality. This investigation employs an interdisciplinary approach to Science, Technology, Engineering, the Arts, and Mathematics (STEAM) using AR technology.

Patients and methods: The current study employs an interdisciplinary methodology that combines STEAM and AR with blended learning as pedagogical strategies in elementary education. The present study was conducted in Bengkulu, Indonesia, with a sample of forty elementary school students and six sixth-grade instructors.

Results: The results of N-gain indicate an improvement in the experimental class, indicating that the AR method is extremely effective at improving students’ comprehension.

Conclusion:The research shows that AR integrated with STEAM-based blended learning has significantly increase student engagement in the classroom and improve the development of students’ cross-disciplinary knowledge integration, problem-solving, and self-directed learning skills. Moreover, STEAM with AR is required for students to comprehend the course material and has assisted instructors in optimizing the use of media in classroom.

Interrelationships among Parental Career Support, Students Science Self-Efficacy, and Career Decision Making in Muranga County Kenya

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Parents play a significant role in shaping their children’s career choices. However, in Murang’a County, Kenya, there is a lack of research focusing on the specific aspects of parental support, and science self-efficacy, interacting with students’ career decisions. Furthermore, there is a limited understanding of how parental factors, in conjunction with students’ self-efficacy in science subjects, influence the career choices students ultimately make. This research aims to fill this gap by examining how parental career support and students’ self-efficacy in science interact to influence career decision-making among students attending public secondary schools. The study was grounded in the Social Cognitive Career Theory, which prompted the following research inquiries; are there interrelationships between parents’ support, students’ self-efficacy for science, and students’ career decision making. The study involved a sample of 482 students in the third year of public secondary schools. The sample size was determined using Cochran’s formula. The selection of 11 schools, including both single-gender and mixed schools, was based on purposive sampling and proportionate stratified random sampling methods. Participants within these schools were chosen through random sampling.  The data were gathered and analyzed using SPSS software. To test the hypotheses, statistical techniques such as Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient, analysis of variance, and multiple regression were employed. The study observed parents’ support, self-efficacy in science, and career decision making were interrelated. Recommendations on the inclusion of specific parental attributes in enhancing science self-efficacy to improve students’ choices in sciences were made.

Research Capability and Engagement among Public Elementary Teachers

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One important factor for successful conduct of research is the researcher’s research capability and attitude. This study aimed at determining the research capability, and engagement among public elementary teachers. Moreover, it determined the relationship between the research capability and attitude and the level of research engagement of public elementary teachers of the three districts in the Division of Bukidnon. The study utilizeda descriptive-correlational research design. A total of 85 teachers were surveyed using a modified instrument. Frequencyand percentage distribution, weighted mean, Pearson Moment Correlation, and ANOVA were used for ststitical treatment.

The study revealed thatthe teacherswere highly capable in conducting research.However, the research engagement of the respondents did not have significant difference when grouped according to their profile such asage, sex, length of years in the service, and grade level handled. Further, position, highest educational attainment, research trainings attended, number of research activities done had significant relationship with research engagement. Additionally, lack of time and resources were the most common barriers and challenges they encountered in conducting action research.

Thus, this study concludes that conducting action research requires time, effort and sources. Hence, an action plan is developed to facilitate the teachers’ research capability, attitude, and engagement to be implemented in the Division of Bukidnon.

Enhancing Teacher Professional Development: Insight from Teacher Professional Learning Activities

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This study employs a qualitative approach to investigate the influence of professional learning activities on teacher professional development. The study examines a range of learning activities, including workshops, seminars, and collaborative learning communities, and explores their impact on teacher practices, student engagement, and student outcomes. The researcher combined surveys and interviews to gather data from a sample of 20 EFL teachers at a participating school. The questionnaire, adapted from TALIS (Teaching and Learning International Survey), collected data on teachers’ demographics, teaching experience, and participation in professional development activities.. In-depth interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 10 teachers to explore their experiences with professional development, their perceptions of teacher professional learning activities, and the impact of professional development on their teaching practice. The study finds that these learning activities have a significant positive impact on teacher professional development, leading to improved teaching practices, increased student engagement, and better student outcomes. These insights have important implications for improving the quality of education and can inform the development of effective policies and programs to support teacher professional development.

Effects of Team Teaching and Lecture Method on the Retention of Physics Students in Secondary Schools in Delta State

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This study investigated the effects of 5E-guided inquiry, team teaching, and lecture methods on physics students’ retention in Delta State. To guide the study, two research questions and two hypotheses were raised and tested at a 0.05 level of significance. The study used the quasi-experimental non-randomized pre-test, post-test, and delayed post-test planned variation group design. The population consisted of all mixed public secondary school (SS2) Physics students in Delta State with a population of 476 secondary schools and 31,711 SS2 students. A sample of six (6) secondary schools and 326 students were used for the study. The six (6) schools used for the study were selected using a stratified random sampling technique. The Physics Achievement Test (PAT) was used for data collection. Mean and Standard Deviation were used in answering all the research questions, and collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results obtained indicated that students taught with the team-teaching method performed better than those taught using the 5E-guided inquiry and lecture method.  Furthermore, the result showed that there is no significant effect of interaction between sex and method on the retention of physics students. Based on these findings, it was concluded that students taught with the team-teaching method achieved significantly better than students taught with the 5E-guided inquiry method and lecture method. Results from the study led to many recommendations, that teachers should expose physics students to team teaching methods so as to promote effective and active learning among students.

The Relationship between Welfare and Work Motivation with the Work Productivity of Family Planning Extension Workers in the Administrative City of East Jakarta

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The formulation of the problem in formulation of the problem in the research is how much the relationship between welfare and work motivation partially and simultaneously with work productivity at the Family Planning Office of the East Jakarta City Administration. This research aims to determine and examine the relationship between welfare and work motivation partially and simultaneously with work productivity at the East Jakarta City Administration Family Planning Office.

The research method uses a survey with a quantitative approach that is correlational with a sampling technique that is saturated sampling, namely a sample research technique when all members of the population are used as samples, another term for saturated samples is all, where all members of the population are used as samples. In this study, the number of samples was 110 respondents. The variables studied are welfare (X1) and work motivation (X2 ) as independent variables, while work productivity is the dependent variable (Y).

Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that from the results of the discussion and research, namely: a) The results of the hypothesis test for the welfare variable and work productivity obtained a correlation coefficient value of 0.796. Meanwhile, the coefficient of determination is r 2 = 0.634, meaning that 63.4% of work productivity is determined by welfare, and the remaining 36.6% is determined by other factors. This means that the Ha hypothesis is accepted, namely that there is a strong and significant positive relationship between welfare and work productivity. b) The results of the hypothesis test for the work motivation variable and work productivity obtained a correlation coefficient of 0.765. Meanwhile, the coefficient of determination is r 2 = 0.586, meaning that 58.6% of work productivity is determined by work motivation, and the remaining 41.4% is determined by other factors, this means that the Ha hypothesis is accepted, namely that there is a strong and significant positive relationship between work motivation and work productivity. . c) To test the hypothesis of a double correlation between the variables of well-being and work motivation together with work productivity, a correlation coefficient value of 0.828 was obtained. Meanwhile, the coefficient of determination is R 2 = 0.686, meaning that together, work productivity is 68.6% determined by welfare and work motivation, and the remaining 31.4% is determined by other factors, this means the Ha hypothesis is accepted, namely, there is a very strong relationship and significant relationship between well-being and work motivation together with work productivity.

Student Management in Inclusive Education in Improving the Quality of Graduates (Multicase Study at SDN Betet 1 Kediri City and MI Unggulan Darussalam Gembongan Ponggok Blitar)

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The aim of this research is to describe in depth 1) the process of accepting new students in improving the quality of graduates. 2) coaching and developing students in inclusive education in improving the quality of graduates. 3) supervision of students in inclusive education in improving the quality of graduates. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods with absolute participation of the researcher. Data was taken from informants or primary data sources including: school principals, inclusion teachers, regular teachers, shadow teachers, student guardians and therapy officers as well as educational staff at both loci, as well as informants from the PLA (Autism Service Center). Accepting new students to improve the quality of graduates in inclusive education at these two educational institutions, all students who register will be accepted without selection. Next, a classification is held based on student competency and grouped into regular and inclusion classes. For those who are detected to have special needs, an assessment will be carried out by the therapist assigned to SDN Betet 1 Kediri. Meanwhile, MI Unggulan was handed over to PLA Blitar for further observation. Meanwhile, the guidance and development of students is carried out intensively, both co-curricular and extra-curricular, based on the students’ abilities and adhering to the 2013 curriculum. The evaluation carried out is adjusted to the stages set so that the graduation of students with special needs becomes a priority. Meanwhile, in carrying out supervision and evaluation in filtering the quality of graduates using various methods, including control and supervision by the Head of the Madrasah, from the intense coaching, this madrasah is also able to maintain itself as a superior madrasah in the city of Blitar and 100% of its graduates continue on to higher education, both state and private.

Investigating Soft Skills that English Studies High Quality Program Students Gain After Participating in the Field Trip Course

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This study aimed to investigate the soft skills that English studies high-quality program students gain after taking part in the field trip course. The quantitative and qualitative research was conducted at the School of Foreign Languages of Can Tho University (CTU). The participants were 196 English studies high-quality programs of the School of Foreign Languages, cohorts 46 and 47. The questionnaire and in-depth interviews were used to examine the soft skills that students gained and the opportunities for students to develop soft skills after the field trip course. The findings showed that the researchers correctly predicted that most students majoring in English Studies in the high-quality program before participating in the field trip course have basic knowledge about the definition of soft skills but do not have enough opportunities and practical situations to apply these soft skills. That is why the field trip course becomes essential for students to practice the soft skills they have learned in school and put them into practice. Thereby understanding soft skills that students are diverse and honing these skills through a field trip course. This study helps undergraduates have a more comprehensive view of the ways to apply the knowledge learned in school to the real environment. Besides, the field trip course helps students recognize and improve their soft skills, aids in exams, and might be useful for future work for students majoring in English studies high-quality program students.