Urgency of the Board of Directors Responsibility in Organizing a Limited Liability Company’s General Meeting of Shareholders

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This research aims to understand the obligations of the board of directors of a limited liability company in organizing the General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS). The method used by the author is a type of normative juridical research conducted with a conceptual approach. The research results indicate that the board of directors, as the authorized organ of the company, is fully responsible for the management of the company in the interest of the company in accordance with the company’s purposes and objectives, and represents the company both in and out of court in accordance with the Articles of Association. The board of directors’ role as a manager is more explicit and separate from its dual position as an organ and representative in Article 92 paragraph (1) of the Limited Liability Company Law. Non-compliance with reporting regulations and the failure to hold a GMS can lead to further legal issues and create distrust among various stakeholders in the company. The legal consequences of a company not holding a GMS according to the applicable regulations may result in administrative sanctions imposed by the Financial Services Authority (OJK), as referred to in OJK Regulation No. 15/PJOK.04/2020 concerning the Planning and Organization of General Meetings of Shareholders of Public Companies. These sanctions may include warnings, fines, the obligation to pay a certain amount of money, license revocation, or cessation of activities.

Policy Analysis of Sea Defence Strategy in the Archipelago’s Capital Region

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The Nusantara Sea Defence Strategy (SPLN) is essentially a national defence strategy implemented at sea. The implementation of SPLN is carried out through a military campaign through interrelated joint operations, matra operations and assistance operations with the support of national forces. This research, which uses qualitative research methods, takes place in the Archipelago Capital Region (IKN). In the Marine Defence Strategy Policy in the Archipelago Capital Region (IKN), the problem formulation is the need for a defence system policy that can protect the Archipelago Capital (IKN) from various physical and non-physical threats. Given the location of IKN in the strategic Indonesian Archipelago Sea Route II (ALKI II) as a connecting route between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, it has a number of problems that have the potential to become threats. The results of this study indicate that there are several aspects in the analysis of the Marine Defence Strategy Policy in the Archipelago Capital Region (IKN) according to William Dunn, which consists of aspects of Problem Formulation, Forecasting, Policy Recommendations, Monitoring Policy Results and Policy Performance Evaluation. In the forecasting aspect based on Indonesia’s historical experience.

Policy recommendations in this study are the relocation of the new capital city from Jakarta to East Kalimantan, changing the geographical character of the Indonesian capital city so far. The development of IKN necessitates the need for transformation of the TNI’s power level because the centre of gravity of government has shifted from Java to Kalimantan. Therefore, a new breakthrough is needed from all stakeholders to formulate a mature and integrated strategic planning for the development of the country’s maritime defence that collaborates all potential defence capabilities of the State, namely between the TNI (Army, Navy and Air Force), ministries, as well as with other government agencies, and still adhere to the principles of transparency and accountability.

Bad Faith in the Cancellation of the Trademark Decision No. 2/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2021/PN. Niaga Sby

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In granting a decision to cancel the trademark, the judges interpreted the existence of bad faith with different reasons in their considerations. One of the cases of trademark cancellation due to bad intentions is Case Number 2/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2021/PN. The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between the cancellation of registered trademarks at the Directorate General of Intellectual Property of the Republic of Indonesia related to bad faith and to find out how to analyze the reasons for the judge’s consideration in decision Number 2/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2021/PN. Sby’s business is related to bad faith. This research is a normative legal research, with a legal approach and a case approach. From this study, it was obtained that the relationship between the cancellation of a registered trademark and bad faith was seen from the beginning of the registration application process, so that the Panel of Judges in deciding on a trademark cancellation decision, first looked at whether the element of bad faith had indeed existed from the beginning of the registration application, and regarding the juridical analysis of the decision of case 2/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2021/PN. Niaga Sby, Coffe Beer and Sari Temulawak Ngoro brandsThe Defendant was registered in bad faith from the beginning of the trademark registration without involving all heirs so that the Defendant hereby had bad intentions or bad faith because from the beginning of the registration, it was proven that there was bad faith by the Defendant. So juridically it has violated article 21 paragraph (3).

The Effect of Job Rotation on Employee Performance with Organizational Commitment and Work-Life Balance as Mediating Variables at PT. BPD Lampung

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High-quality and high-performing human resources have become a crucial issue in companies, especially in addressing business world challenges and supporting the achievement of company goals. Therefore, companies need to focus on talent-based human resource management to enhance and develop employee performance. The Key Performance Indicator (KPI) data of PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah Lampung from 2021 to 2023 shows a decline in the performance of Bank Lampung employees. In fact, the category of unsatisfactory employee performance has increased in the past three years. It is suspected that underperforming employees are experiencing fatigue or boredom with the routine tasks performed over a long period. Hence, this study aims to determine the effect of job rotation on employee performance with organizational commitment and work-life balance as mediating variables at Bank Lampung. This research method is descriptive verification research. The sampling technique used is convenience sampling with a sample size of 282 Bank Lampung employees, both at the Headquarters and branch offices in Lampung Province. The data used is primary data in the form of questionnaires, and the data analysis technique uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS software.

Purpose: The aim of this research is to know the effect of job rotation on employee performance with organizational commitment and work-life balance as mediating variables.

Patients and methods: Data has been obtained from the answer of questionnaire testing on 282 respondents at Bank Lampung who were used as samples in research using techniques convenience sampling.

Results: This study show that job rotation has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Bank Lampung employees. However, the second and third hypotheses, which state that organizational commitment cannot mediate the effect of job rotation on the performance and that work-life balance cannot mediate the effect of job rotation on the performance of Bank Lampung employees.

Conclusion: Companies can advised to maintain the implementation of the job rotation program by planning a periodic job rotation program schedule and maintaining good employee performance by giving awards for employee achievements to the company and increasing work discipline by giving punishment to employees who are not disciplined regarding working hours. Apart from that, the Human Capital department of Bank Lampung needs to evaluate the work processes carried out and  resolve problems faced by employees so that employees feel comfortable and find it difficult to leave the company/organization.

Examining Role of 1-Year Online College Can Improve Access to Higher Learning

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Purpose: This study aims to address the diminishing access to top universities by investigating and proposing alternative solutions to allow for additional deserving students admittance into highly selective universities.

Results: Admittance to top universities have been steadily declining over the past 20 years, which has only been exasperated recently due to the global pandemic. As college admission committees continue to modify their assessment criterions, this has caused some consternation among high schoolers who feel their chances of getting admitted to various schools fluctuate with every news release. Through literature review and analysis, this study examines the benefits and challenges of utilizing a 1-year online offering to help bolster admission rates. From research evidence, the benefits of a 1-year online structure are reduced cost to the student, enhanced networking, and study abroad opportunities while the benefit to the universities are increased inflow of tuition dollars and greater alumni base for potential future donation support. However, online learning presents numerous challenges, such as isolation and decreased motivation. This study addresses these issues by proposing schools pool their additional capital to fund offsite communal shared spaces for the very purpose of enabling face to face socialization and learning.

Conclusion: The results conclude that setting up an online learning environment for 1-year (this study used sophomore year as an example) will allow additional students to be admitted. Students can still gain social connections while realizing significant financial savings off their college bill. Universities will generate incremental revenue which, in part, can fund initiatives such as scholarships, on-campus facilities, and shared offsite classroom spaces for remote students.

Fundamental Factors on Stock Price with Sustainability Report as Moderating Variable

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This study aims to obtain empirical evidence of the effect of Liquidity, Solvency, and Profitability on Stock Prices with Sustainability Report as a Moderating Variable. The population in this study were mining companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Sampling was done using purposive sampling. The secondary data collection method used is financial reports and sustainability reports. The results showed that Liquidity and Profitability had no effect on Stock Price while Solvency had a negative effect on Stock Price, Sustainability Report did not strengthen Liquidity and Profitability on Stock Price while Sustainability Report strengthened the effect of Solvency on Stock Price.

Postmodern International Relations: Postmodernism beyond Social Constructivism

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This paper examines the concept of postmodernism in International Relations (IR), exploring its dual meaning as both a historical period and a theoretical approach. It traces the emergence of postmodernity as a description of the post-Cold War global order characterized by complex interdependence and transnational challenges. The paper then delves into postmodernism as a theoretical stance in IR, emphasizing its focus on social construction, discourse analysis, and critique of power structures. Special attention is given to social constructivism, particularly Alexander Wendt’s work, as a “mainstream” adaptation of postmodernist insights within IR. The paper argues that constructivism represents a “postmodernism with mainstream characteristics” for the IR discipline, maintaining a state-centric ontology while incorporating ideational factors in explaining international politics. Finally, the paper posits that postmodernism in IR can be understood as a historical consciousness of postmodernity, reflecting on and responding to material changes in the global order. This perspective highlights the interplay between theoretical innovations and historical context, suggesting that postmodernist approaches in IR are both timeless theoretical contributions and products of specific historical circumstances.

An Analysis of Interface Design Types and Categories in Two Automobile Museum Exhibitions

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The purpose of this study was to compare the interface design categories and types between two automobile museum tours in promoting learning about automotive by visitors. Both touring methods were equally effective in helping subjects acquire information about automotive, but, on the whole, neither encouraged the retention of presented information. This descriptive research employed a textual analysis and on-site observation at National Automobile Museum, Malaysia and Glion Automobile Museum, Japan. The study’s findings discovered both of the auto museum providing a sense of good interface design for the museum exhibition with different categories and types. The results also showed the approaches were really enjoyable and successful in promoting interest in automotive. This research also addresses factors that work towards creating an identity within museums.

Embracing Autism: The Transformative Power of Love, Community, and Resilience in Filipino Families a Phenomenological Hermeneutical Study

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Raising adolescents with autism has presented families a complex journey towards facing unique challenges and transformative experiences. The parents’ shock and grief of diagnosis because of lack of awareness and subsequent emotional adjustment have encouraged families to exercise faith and acceptance to see the child’s autism as a unique identity rather than a disability. This phenomenological hermeneutical study explores the emotional landscape of ten Filipino families with adolescents diagnosed with autism in the Philippines and highlights love as the guiding theme for hope and resiliency during their initial process of grief and acceptance, of dealing persistent challenges, of sibling involvement, and of varied parental approaches.

Financial strains exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic added complexity to accessing essential therapies and services which lead to necessitating community support and creative coping strategies. The family dynamics developed during this time highlighted the pivotal roles of siblings, the balance of responsibilities, and the emotional growth within the family which includes siblings’ progression from confusion to acceptance.

Effective parenting strategies emphasize clear communication, consistent discipline, and fostered independence. A fathers’ proactive role in behavioral management and a mothers’ focus on emotional and social needs illustrate the diverse approaches required. The digital era brought new a source of support through online communities and advocacies which enabled families to share experiences, to educate themselves, and to promote awareness. Resilience and coping strategies including self-care, spiritual resilience, and embracing present moments are crucial for sustaining the demanding journey of raising adolescents with autism.

This study underscores the importance of tailored support systems, voluntary community involvement, and a holistic understanding of autism care that will offer valuable insights for professionals and policymakers.

Developing an Android Application ‘Haba Inggreh’ for Interactive Learning on Speaking and Listening Skills

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The aim of this research is to design teaching materials for the listening and speaking learning process on the basis of independent learning with a focus on students through the technology-based android application ‘Haba Inggreh‘. The Android application “Haba Inggreh” can be the right solution to solve listening and speaking problems because students can directly access the material and sentences they want and there is a feature to view scores. The research design used was Research and Development design involving six steps: need analysis, app development, app trial 1, app revision, and app trial 2. There were 6 high schools in Nagan Raya involved in this study as the respondents. The data collection was done following the R&D steps. After that, the data were analyzed using interactive analysis. The results show that, first, the students already have high motivation and goof knowledge on technology-integrated learning; second, they have positive perception on the use of Haba Inggreh learning application. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of mobile learning in the ELT process can enhance the students’ motivation and well as knowledge in language learning process.